🧔🏽♂️ Today is World Beard Day!
🧔🏽 Bust of Septimius Severus (reign 193–211 CE). White, fine-grained marble, modern restorations (nose, parts of the beard, draped bust). Glyptothek, Munich. Photo by Bibi Saint-Pol.
🧔🏽♂️ This alabaster bas-relief shows a head of a bearded man. The fragment was part of a larger relief which depicts a procession of tribute bearers. The man's turban and his hair style and beard suggest that the man came from the western part of the Assyrian empire, probably from modern-day Syrian coast or Turkey. From the palace of King Sargon II at Dur-Sharrukin (modern-day Khorsabad, Ninawa Governorate, Iraq), northern Mesopotamia. Neo-Assyrian period, 710-705 BCE. (The British Museum, London). Photo ©️ by Osama S.M. Amin.
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🧔🏽 Bust of Septimius Severus (reign 193–211 CE). White, fine-grained marble, modern restorations (nose, parts of the beard, draped bust). Glyptothek, Munich. Photo by Bibi Saint-Pol.
🧔🏽♂️ This alabaster bas-relief shows a head of a bearded man. The fragment was part of a larger relief which depicts a procession of tribute bearers. The man's turban and his hair style and beard suggest that the man came from the western part of the Assyrian empire, probably from modern-day Syrian coast or Turkey. From the palace of King Sargon II at Dur-Sharrukin (modern-day Khorsabad, Ninawa Governorate, Iraq), northern Mesopotamia. Neo-Assyrian period, 710-705 BCE. (The British Museum, London). Photo ©️ by Osama S.M. Amin.
@world_history
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With thousands of square feet of canvas capturing every breath of the trade winds, a 19th-century tea clipper was the absolute pinnacle of sailing evolution. The #CuttySark was just such a ship, carrying tea and then wool across the far-flung outposts of the #BritishEmpire.
The Cutty Sark gained the record as the fastest ship in the world in the 1880s thanks to its sleek design and 32 sails. This literal speed merchant could breeze past the very latest #steamships, but the age of sail was coming to an end as steam engine technology improved. Today Cutty Sark, fully restored after a 50-year career at sea, is a museum on the River #Thames.
@world_history
The Cutty Sark gained the record as the fastest ship in the world in the 1880s thanks to its sleek design and 32 sails. This literal speed merchant could breeze past the very latest #steamships, but the age of sail was coming to an end as steam engine technology improved. Today Cutty Sark, fully restored after a 50-year career at sea, is a museum on the River #Thames.
@world_history
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🎨 On this day in 1504: Michelangelo's David is unveiled in Piazza della Signoria in Florence.
Michelangelo's offering to the Cathedral of Florence was a marble sculpture of the Biblical King David who, in his youth, famously killed the troublesome giant Goliath. The figure is much larger than life-size - around 5.20 metres (17 feet) tall - and so big that it could not be placed on the roof of the cathedral as intended, but was instead stood in the facing square.
Michelangelo received around 400 florins for a work he had started in 1501 CE and completed in 1504 CE. David now stands in the Accademia Gallery of Florence, while a full-size replica stands in the open air of the Palazzo della Signoria.
The figure is all white now, but originally had three gilded elements: the tree stump support, a waist belt of leaves and a garland on his head. The only identification that this is a figure of David is the sling over the figure's left shoulder.
@world_history
Michelangelo's offering to the Cathedral of Florence was a marble sculpture of the Biblical King David who, in his youth, famously killed the troublesome giant Goliath. The figure is much larger than life-size - around 5.20 metres (17 feet) tall - and so big that it could not be placed on the roof of the cathedral as intended, but was instead stood in the facing square.
Michelangelo received around 400 florins for a work he had started in 1501 CE and completed in 1504 CE. David now stands in the Accademia Gallery of Florence, while a full-size replica stands in the open air of the Palazzo della Signoria.
The figure is all white now, but originally had three gilded elements: the tree stump support, a waist belt of leaves and a garland on his head. The only identification that this is a figure of David is the sling over the figure's left shoulder.
@world_history
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👑 On this day in 1087 CE: William the Conqueror dies.
William the Conqueror (c. 1027-1087), also known as William, Duke of Normandy, led the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 when he defeated and killed his rival Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings. Crowned King William I of England on Christmas Day 1066, he secured his new realm after five years of hard battles against rebels and invaders.
An accomplished diplomat, gifted military commander, and ruthless overlord, William died of natural causes in 1087 at Caen, Normandy, where his tomb still lies.
@world_history
William the Conqueror (c. 1027-1087), also known as William, Duke of Normandy, led the Norman Conquest of England in 1066 when he defeated and killed his rival Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings. Crowned King William I of England on Christmas Day 1066, he secured his new realm after five years of hard battles against rebels and invaders.
An accomplished diplomat, gifted military commander, and ruthless overlord, William died of natural causes in 1087 at Caen, Normandy, where his tomb still lies.
@world_history
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👑 On this day in 1543: Mary Stuart, at nine months old, is crowned "Queen of Scots" in the central Scottish town of Stirling.
Mary Stewart was born on 8 December 1542 in Linlithgow Palace near Edinburgh. She was the daughter of King James V of Scotland (r. 1513-1542) and Mary of Guise (1515-1560).
When James V, died on 14 December 1542 with no surviving male heirs, Mary, only one week old at the time, became the queen of Scotland, the first queen to rule that country in her own right. Mary was crowned nine months later on 9 September 1543 in Stirling Castle. Mary of Guise acted as the new queen's regent.
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Mary Stewart was born on 8 December 1542 in Linlithgow Palace near Edinburgh. She was the daughter of King James V of Scotland (r. 1513-1542) and Mary of Guise (1515-1560).
When James V, died on 14 December 1542 with no surviving male heirs, Mary, only one week old at the time, became the queen of Scotland, the first queen to rule that country in her own right. Mary was crowned nine months later on 9 September 1543 in Stirling Castle. Mary of Guise acted as the new queen's regent.
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Robert E. Lee (1807-1870) was the most prominent #Confederate general of the #AmericanCivilWar (1861-1865), who commanded the Army of #NorthernVirginia for much of the war and was named general-in-chief of all Confederate forces in 1865. Born in #WestmorelandCounty, #Virginia, Lee's father was Henry Lee III, a cavalry officer who had won renown as a war hero during the #AmericanRevolution. Robert E. Lee was beloved by his men, leading them to a string of brilliant victories in the campaigns of 1862.
His defeat at the Battle of #Gettysburg (1-3 July 1863) is often considered a turning point in the war, since after that, Lee always had to stay on the defensive. While his place in #history continues to be hotly debated today, #RobertELee is certainly one of the best-known and most controversial military figures in #USHistory.
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His defeat at the Battle of #Gettysburg (1-3 July 1863) is often considered a turning point in the war, since after that, Lee always had to stay on the defensive. While his place in #history continues to be hotly debated today, #RobertELee is certainly one of the best-known and most controversial military figures in #USHistory.
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⚔️ On this day in 490 BCE: The Battle of Marathon: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The Athenians and their Plataean allies defeat the first Persian invasion force of Greece.
The Battle on the plain of Marathon in September 490 BCE between Greeks and the invading forces of Persian king Darius I (r. 522-486 BCE) was a victory that would go down in folklore as the moment the Greek city-states showed the world their courage and excellence and won their liberty.
Although in reality the battle only delayed the Persians in their imperialistic ambitions and greater battles would follow, Marathon was the first time that the mighty Persian Achaemenid Empire had been shown to be beatable and the battle would be represented in Greek art - literature, sculpture, architecture, and pottery - as a crucial and defining moment in the history of Greece.
@world_history
The Battle on the plain of Marathon in September 490 BCE between Greeks and the invading forces of Persian king Darius I (r. 522-486 BCE) was a victory that would go down in folklore as the moment the Greek city-states showed the world their courage and excellence and won their liberty.
Although in reality the battle only delayed the Persians in their imperialistic ambitions and greater battles would follow, Marathon was the first time that the mighty Persian Achaemenid Empire had been shown to be beatable and the battle would be represented in Greek art - literature, sculpture, architecture, and pottery - as a crucial and defining moment in the history of Greece.
@world_history
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🖼️ On this day in 1940: Cave paintings are discovered in Lascaux, France.
Lascaux Cave is a Palaeolithic cave situated in southwestern France, near the village of Montignac in the Dordogne region, which houses some of the most famous examples of prehistoric cave paintings. Close to 600 paintings – mostly of animals – dot the interior walls of the cave in impressive compositions.
Horses are the most numerous, but deer, aurochs, ibex, bison, and even some felines can also be found. Besides these paintings, which represent most of the major images, there are also around 1,400 engravings of a similar order.
The art, dated to c. 17,000 to c. 15,000 BCE, falls within the Upper Palaeolithic period and was created by the clearly skilled hands of humans living in the area at that time.
@world_history
Lascaux Cave is a Palaeolithic cave situated in southwestern France, near the village of Montignac in the Dordogne region, which houses some of the most famous examples of prehistoric cave paintings. Close to 600 paintings – mostly of animals – dot the interior walls of the cave in impressive compositions.
Horses are the most numerous, but deer, aurochs, ibex, bison, and even some felines can also be found. Besides these paintings, which represent most of the major images, there are also around 1,400 engravings of a similar order.
The art, dated to c. 17,000 to c. 15,000 BCE, falls within the Upper Palaeolithic period and was created by the clearly skilled hands of humans living in the area at that time.
@world_history
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👑 On this day in 81 CE: Emperor Titus dies.
Titus was Roman emperor from 79 to 81 CE. On June 24, 79 CE Titus Flavius Vespasianus succeeded his father Vespasian (r. 69-79 CE) as emperor of the Roman Empire. Prior to his ascension to the throne, he was considered by many as “…unpopular and venomously loathed,” yet after becoming emperor, “he became an object of universal love and adoration.”
Historians consider the abrupt change in the personality of the new emperor to be a true mystery.
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Titus was Roman emperor from 79 to 81 CE. On June 24, 79 CE Titus Flavius Vespasianus succeeded his father Vespasian (r. 69-79 CE) as emperor of the Roman Empire. Prior to his ascension to the throne, he was considered by many as “…unpopular and venomously loathed,” yet after becoming emperor, “he became an object of universal love and adoration.”
Historians consider the abrupt change in the personality of the new emperor to be a true mystery.
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One of the most famous objects in #Norse #mythology, #Mjölnir was the hammer wielded by #Thor, god of storms and thunder, and was his most potent weapon in battles against the enemies of gods and humans. But Mjölnir represented more than severe weather and violence. In the extant #myths of the Norse people and in the archaeological record alike, Mjölnir seems to have had several meanings.
From its creation by dwarves to #BronzeAge rock carvings, through the Christian conversion of #Scandinavia to Thor's dressing as a bride after its theft by a giant, and into the mythic aftermath of #Ragnarök, Mjölnir's #symbolism reverberated through time. Even in the modern Western world, Mjölnir can represent, among other things, a weapon for the worthy, a sign of belief, and an emblem of hate.
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From its creation by dwarves to #BronzeAge rock carvings, through the Christian conversion of #Scandinavia to Thor's dressing as a bride after its theft by a giant, and into the mythic aftermath of #Ragnarök, Mjölnir's #symbolism reverberated through time. Even in the modern Western world, Mjölnir can represent, among other things, a weapon for the worthy, a sign of belief, and an emblem of hate.
@world_history
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🔴 The long-term goal of the Bolsheviks, who took power by force in Russia in November 1917, was a fairer society where workers and peasants were not exploited by wealthy capitalists.
The more immediate consequences, though, of the Bolshevik Revolution were the replacement of the Provisional Government by a highly centralised one-party state, the nationalisation of industries, the radical redistribution of land to the peasantry, a withdrawal from WWI, and the Russian Civil War, which raged for five years.
The turmoil Soviet Russia suffered in its early years was eventually overcome as Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924) oversaw the creation of the USSR in 1922.
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The more immediate consequences, though, of the Bolshevik Revolution were the replacement of the Provisional Government by a highly centralised one-party state, the nationalisation of industries, the radical redistribution of land to the peasantry, a withdrawal from WWI, and the Russian Civil War, which raged for five years.
The turmoil Soviet Russia suffered in its early years was eventually overcome as Vladimir Lenin (1870-1924) oversaw the creation of the USSR in 1922.
@world_history
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