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76-lesson. LITTLE/FEW
1. ''Little" va "few" ga tegishli olmoshlar quyidagi 3 ta holatda kelishi mumkin:
1-holat: Bu holatda "little" va "few" olmoshlari "kam", "juda kam" ma'nolarida vaziyatga qarab ham salbiy, ham ijobiy ma'no anglatishi mumkin.
Little — (kam, juda kam )sanalmaydigat ot fe'l birlikda
Few — (kam, juda kam ) sanaladigan ko'plikdagi ot fe'l ko'plikda
Eg. - Hurry up! We have got little time! Eg. - I am very bored. I have got few friends. Eg. - Thanks to God! There is little pollution in our country! Eg. - I am very happy. I have few problems.
2-holat: "A little"va "a few" olmoshlari ham "biroz", "kam, lekin yetarlicha" ma'nolarida vaziyatga qarab ham salbiy, ham ijobiy ma'no anglatishi mumkin:
A little — (kam, lekin yetarli/biroz) sanalmaydigat ot fe'l birlikda
A few — (kam, lekin yetarli/ biroz) sanaladigan ko'plikdagi ot fe’l ko'plikda
Eg. - I have got a little time. We can go for a walk.
Eg. - I have been to Turkey a few times. And I enjoyed them.
Eg. - It is a pity. There is a little pollution in our city.
Eg. - I am depressed. I have got a few problem
3-holat: Ushbu holatda esa "little" va few" bilan birikib keluvchi barcha daraja, miqdor ravishlari "juda kam, deyarliyo'q"ma'nolarini anglatadi:
Only/very/rather/too/so/as/how little (juda kam, deyarli yo'q) sanalmaydigat ot
Only//very/rather/too/so/as/how few (juda kam, deyarli yo'q) sanaladigan ko'plikdagi ot
Eg. - We can't buy this dress. We have only a little money. Eg. -There were so few free seats in the hall that lots of people had to stay on foot.
2. "A little"(biroz), "little" (kam) ma'nolarida olmosh-ot bo'lib kelib, gapda yolg'iz o'zi ham ega bo'lib kela oladi.
Eg. - Little was said about the election. Eg. - A little is known about the causes of the accident.
Shuningdek: "Afew"(biroz), “few"(kam) ma’nolarida olmosh-ot bo'lib kelib, gapda yolg'iz o'zi ham ega bo'lib kela oladi.
Eg. - Many people were invited, but few came. Eg. - The test was taken from all the students. Fortunately, a few were ready fo r it.
3. “A little"(biroz), "little"(kam) ma’nolarida fe'l bilan birikib gapda daraja, miqdor ravishi ham bo'lib kela oladi:
Eg. - He works little for the exam. Eg. - The town has changed a little over the years.
Shuningdek: “Little" otlar oldidan “kichkina" ma'nosida sifat bo'lib keladi:
Eg. - My little sister doesn't like silence.
4."The little" otlashib “o'sha ozrog’i” ma'nosida gapda ega vazifasida keladi.
Eg. - I have little money and the little is not enough for dinner.
Shuningdek: "The few" ham otlashib “o'sha bir nechtasi"ma'nosida ega
vazifasida kela oladi:
Eg. - The few who behaved badly during the lesson were dismissed from the test.
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