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In medieval Ireland, the election of a High King (or "Ard RΓ") was not a straightforward process and typically involved a combination of hereditary succession, election by a group of nobles, and a reaffirmation of authority through rituals.
Here are the main points about how a High King was elected:
1. Hereditary Claims: The High Kingship was often claimed by members of the UΓ NΓ©ill dynasty, which was one of the most prominent royal families in Ireland. However, it was not exclusively hereditary, as other families and clans could also contend for the title.
2. Assembly of the Kings: The election usually took place at an assembly known as a "MΓ³r Fairsinge." The leading kings and chiefs of various kingdoms within Ireland would gather to discuss and decide who would be the High King. This assembly allowed for a consensus or majority decision.
3. Ritual and Sacred Sites: The election often involved rituals at significant sites, such as the Hill of Tara, which was historically associated with the High Kings and symbolized their authority. The new king would partake in a ceremonial act, such as being crowned or anointed, signifying his divine right and acceptance by the gods and the people.
4. Military Strength and Influence: A candidate's military strength and political alliances played a crucial role in their ability to be elected. Those with the capacity to wield power and maintain peace among rival factions were often favored.
5. Recognition of Authority: Following the election, the new king typically sought the recognition of other kings and clans across Ireland. This could involve forming alliances through marriages or other political arrangements.
6. Challenges and Usurpation: The role of High King was contested, and many claimed the title throughout history. Rival factions could lead to civil strife and conflict as various leaders sought to assert their dominance.
Overall, the election of a High King in medieval Ireland was a complex process influenced by tradition, power dynamics, and the political landscape of the time.
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