PIEROOTS Telegram 928
default有“违约、不履行、缺席、默认值”等多种含义。这个单词可以分解为前缀de-和fault两部分。

fault来自拉丁语,又可以分解成两部分:faul-和t。前面的faul-来自拉丁词根fall-(绊倒,犯错,失败),和fail(失败,未能做到)同源,只不过发生了元音音变。后面的t来自拉丁语动词的过去分词后缀,等于英语本族语中的ed,表示动作已经完成,在此构成名词表示动作本身。

两部分合起来,fault字面意思是“犯错,失败”,引申为“过错,失误,故障,缺陷”,比如:
Why should I say sorry when it's not my fault ?
不是我的错为什么要我道歉?
He has served a number of double faults in this set.
他在这盘发球出现了一些双误。
Cars with serious faults have been called in by the manufacturers.
有严重缺陷的汽车已被制造商召回。

和fault相比,default前面多了前缀de-,本意是“向下”,引申为“彻底”,用来加强语气。所以default是fault的加强版本,表示一种特殊的fault(过错,失误,故障,缺陷),核心含义是“未能做到某事、无法提供某物的状态”,常翻译为“缺乏、缺席、缺省”,比如:
They accepted what he had said in default of any evidence to disprove it.
由于缺乏相反的证据,他们相信了他的话。

在一些特定领域,default还有一些特殊用法,主要包括以下几种:
1)经济和法律领域的违约,拖欠,也就是“未能成功履行合同,未能按时偿还债务”,比如:
The company is in default on the loan.
这家公司拖欠借款。
Mortgage defaults have risen in the last year.
按揭借款违约在近一年里呈上升趋势。

2)体育比赛中的缺席或弃权,也就是“未能成功完成比赛”,比如:
He won the game by default.
由于对手弃权,他自动获胜。

3)IT领域中用户没有任何输入,这种情况常称为“缺省”或“默认”,比如:
It is installed in disk C by default.
默认情况下安装在C盘。
此时系统会采用一个预设值来代替用户的输入,称为“缺失值”或“默认值”。比如:
On this screen, 256 colours is the default.
这个显示屏的默认值是256色。

default有时还转作动词,比如:to default on loan(拖欠贷款)。
default还可以转作形容词,比如default passwords(默认密码,缺省密码)。



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default有“违约、不履行、缺席、默认值”等多种含义。这个单词可以分解为前缀de-和fault两部分。

fault来自拉丁语,又可以分解成两部分:faul-和t。前面的faul-来自拉丁词根fall-(绊倒,犯错,失败),和fail(失败,未能做到)同源,只不过发生了元音音变。后面的t来自拉丁语动词的过去分词后缀,等于英语本族语中的ed,表示动作已经完成,在此构成名词表示动作本身。

两部分合起来,fault字面意思是“犯错,失败”,引申为“过错,失误,故障,缺陷”,比如:
Why should I say sorry when it's not my fault ?
不是我的错为什么要我道歉?
He has served a number of double faults in this set.
他在这盘发球出现了一些双误。
Cars with serious faults have been called in by the manufacturers.
有严重缺陷的汽车已被制造商召回。

和fault相比,default前面多了前缀de-,本意是“向下”,引申为“彻底”,用来加强语气。所以default是fault的加强版本,表示一种特殊的fault(过错,失误,故障,缺陷),核心含义是“未能做到某事、无法提供某物的状态”,常翻译为“缺乏、缺席、缺省”,比如:
They accepted what he had said in default of any evidence to disprove it.
由于缺乏相反的证据,他们相信了他的话。

在一些特定领域,default还有一些特殊用法,主要包括以下几种:
1)经济和法律领域的违约,拖欠,也就是“未能成功履行合同,未能按时偿还债务”,比如:
The company is in default on the loan.
这家公司拖欠借款。
Mortgage defaults have risen in the last year.
按揭借款违约在近一年里呈上升趋势。

2)体育比赛中的缺席或弃权,也就是“未能成功完成比赛”,比如:
He won the game by default.
由于对手弃权,他自动获胜。

3)IT领域中用户没有任何输入,这种情况常称为“缺省”或“默认”,比如:
It is installed in disk C by default.
默认情况下安装在C盘。
此时系统会采用一个预设值来代替用户的输入,称为“缺失值”或“默认值”。比如:
On this screen, 256 colours is the default.
这个显示屏的默认值是256色。

default有时还转作动词,比如:to default on loan(拖欠贷款)。
default还可以转作形容词,比如default passwords(默认密码,缺省密码)。

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